胰岛素抵抗基因表达PCR芯片

    胰岛素抵抗基因表达PCR芯片可检测参与脂肪组织非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病（NIDDM）相关机制的84个关键基因的表达。芯片包括胰岛素和脂联素信号通路相关的脂肪基因、通常在NIDDM中失调的基因、先天免疫和炎症过程有关的基因，以及碳水化合物和脂质代谢过程中重要的酶和转运蛋白相关基因。通过实时定量PCR的方法，研究者即能够利用该芯片简单可靠地同时检测脂肪组织的胰岛素抵抗机制相关的基因表达。

Insulin Signaling PAthway: AKT3, IGF1, IGF1R, IKBKB, INSR, IRS1, IRS2, MAP2K1 (MEK1), MAPK3 (ERK1), MAPK9 (JNK2), MTOR, PDE3B, PIK3CA (p110A), PIK3R1 (PI3K p85α), PPARGC1A (PGC-1α), PTPN1, RPS6KB1, SLC2A4 (GLUT4), SOCS3, SREBF1.

Genes Involved in NIDDM: ADIPOQ, HK2, IKBKB, INSR, IRS1, IRS2, MAPK3 (ERK1), MAPK9 (JNK2), MTOR, PDX1 (IPF1), PIK3CA (p110A), PIK3R1 (PI3K p85α), SLC2A4 (GLUT4), SOCS3, TNF.

Adipokine Signaling PAthway: Ligands: ADIPOQ, IL6, LEP, NAMPT, RETN, SERPINE1 (PAI-1), TNF.

Receptors/Transporters: ADIPOR1, ADIPOR2, CD36, LEPR, SLC2A4 (GLUT4), TNFRSF1A, TNFRSF1B.

Downstream Signaling: AKT3, CHUK (IKKα), IKBKB, IRS1, IRS2, JAK2, MAPK9 (JNK2), MTOR, NFKBIA (IκBα/MAD3), PPARA, PPARGC1A (PGC-1α), RELA, SOCS3, STAT3.

Innate Immunity: CASP1 (ICE), CHUK (IKKα), IKBKB, IRS1, IRS2, NLRP3, NFKBIA (IκBα/MAD3), PYCARD (TMS1/ASC), RELA, TLR4.

Inflammation: ALOX5, CASP1 (ICE), CCL2 (MCP-1), CCR4, CCR5, CHUK (IKKα), CXCR4, IFNG, IKBKB, IL1B, IL23R, IL6, IL8, LTA4H, NLRP3, OLR1, PYCARD (TMS1/ASC), RELA, TNF, TNFRSF1A, TNFRSF1B.

Apoptosis: PPARG, SERPINE1 (PAI-1), TNF, CASP1 (ICE), IKBKB, IRS2, MAPK9 (JNK2), NFKBIA (IκBα/MAD3), NLRP3, PYCARD (TMS1/ASC), RELA, TNFRSF1A, JAK2, PIK3CA (p110A), SOCS3, RPS6KB1, TNFRSF1B.

Metabolic PAthways: Carbohyde Metabolism: CS, HK2, PCK1, PDK2.

Lipid Metabolism: ACACA, ACACB, ACSL1, ACSL4, APOE, CEBPA, CNBP, FABP4, FASN, LEPR, LIPE, LPL, PPARA, PPARG, PPARGC1A (PGC-1α), SCD, SREBF1, SREBF2.

Metabolite Transport: APOE, CD36, FABP4, RBP4, SLC2A4 (GLUT4), SLC27A1, UCP1, VLDLR.

Infilting Leukocyte Markers: Macrophages: CCR5, CXCR4, EMR1.

Th1 Cells: CCR5, CD3E, CXCR3, IL18R1.

Th2 Cells: CCR4, CD3E, CRLF2 (TSLPR), IL1R1. Th17 Cells: CCR6, CD3E, IL23R.